![]() ![]() In both classic DM1 and DM2, frontal lobe cognitive impairment (attention deficit) worsens over time but does not extend to other areas of cognition. Also, in patients with DM1, cognitive skills are diminished, and the IQ has been shown to be lower with younger age of onset. In some people, there is a kind of overall "apathy" that may be due to changes in the brain related to DM1. Research suggests that, in DM1, there may be abnormalities in the parts of the brain that determine the rhythm of sleeping and waking, making excessive daytime sleepiness a barrier to full participation in work, school, or social life for many adults with the disorder. In most cases, weakness predominantly involves the proximal muscles, particularly the hip girdle muscles. In general, DM2 is a less severe disease than classic DM1. Onset for DM2 ranges from the second to the seventh decade of life, often presenting with myotonia, weakness, or cataracts. The CTG repeat size is usually in the range of 50 to 150. Age at onset is between 20 and 70 years (typically onset occurs after age 40), and life expectancy is normal. The mild form of DM1 is characterized by mild weakness, myotonia, and cataracts. The CTG repeat size in adult onset is generally in the range of 50 to 1,000. Patients diagnosed with DM1 have multiple sets of DNA bases repeats in their genome (known as the CTG repeats). In these patients, average lifespan is reduced. The classic form of DM1 becomes symptomatic between the second and fourth decades of life. ![]()
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